Apparatus for treating hydrocarbons



March 25, 1930.

G. l-:GLOFF ET AL APPARATUS FOR TREATING HYDROCARBONS Original Filed Sept. l, 1920 Patented Mar. 25, 1930 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Y susi'rav nenorr AND HARRY r. BENNER, or CHICAGO, rumors, assumons To UNI- VERSAL OIL PRODUCTS COMPANY, 0F

SOUT-H DAKOTA.

CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A. CORPORATION 0F Arrnmvrus For. TREATING HYDaocAaBoNs Application filed September 1, 1920, Serial No. 407,408. Renewed November 21, 1927.,

This invention relates to an apparatus for treating hydro-carbons, and this present application refers more particularly to an apparatus adapted for the cracking of petroleum oil into gasolene, gasolene-like bodies or other light hydro-carbone.

The salient feature of the invention consists in conducting said cracking operation so that the vapors are subjected to horizontal dephlegmating action in a continuous system of the.y coil type.

In the drawings, Fig. 1 shows a side elevation parts broken away and shown in section of our apparatus. Fig. 2 is a sectional view lshowing one of the upper baffle members-em ployed in the dephlegmator, and Fig. 3 is a sectional view showing one of the lower 'baiHe members.

Referring to the drawings, 1 designates the urnace, having burner 2, the bridge wall 3, stack 4. In this furnace is mounted heating coil 5, as forexample a coil composed of tubes four inches internal diameter. The heated oil, while still in liquid phase, passes out through valve 6 into the side of an expansion chamber 7. ,This expansion chamber is provided with residue draw ofi' 8, controlled by valve 9 and vapor outlet 10, controlled by valve 11. The vapor outlet 10 is connected to a dephlegmator 12. This dephlegmator 12 is provided with an inclined bottom portion 13, the lowermost part of which is connected to pipe 14, leading back to the charging line 15. A valve 16 1s interposed in this charging return line 14. The dephlegmator member 12 is provided with alternately disposed baflies 1 and 18, the latter being perforated or apertured, as shown at 19, to permit the reflux condensate to fiow down the pipe 14. The uncondensed vapors pass out of the dephlegmator through line 20, controlled by valve 21, to a condenser coil 22, which condenser coil is seated in Water condenser boX 23; the coil 22 in turn connects to the receiver 24, which receiver 24 is provided With liquid draw off pipe 25, having throttle valve 26 and gas outlet pipe 27, having throttle valve 28. Fresh charging stock is supplied to the heating coil 5 by means Vof pump 29, leading to any suitable source of supply.

The following illustrative run of a process carried out` in the ap aratus may begiven: Oklahoma gas oil o say 33 deg. Baume gravity, is continuously fed to the heating coil 5, where it is heated to a temperature at the discharge end of say 830 deg. F., care being taken to prevent the temperature from getting so high as to cause vapors in the coil. In other words, the oil is maintained at that 'temperature under the pressure used which Will keep it in the liquid phase. A pressure of 100 pounds may be maintained throughout the system clear through to the receiver if desired, or a differential pressure may be maintained on the system, as for eX- ample-l50 pounds on the heating coil 5, 100 pounds on the expansion chamber, 75 pounds in the dephlegmator, 50 pounds or atmospheric pressure on the condenser coil and receiver. A still further differential pressure may be obtained by placing a valve 30 between the outlet of the condenser coil and the upper end of the receiver. In this way a pressure of say 500 pounds might be maintained on the heating coil 5, 400 pounds in the expansion` chamber, 300 pounds on the dephlegmator, 200 pounds on the condenser coil and 100 pounds on the receiver. Where a differential pressure is maintained, the re- `flux condensate from the dephlegmator may be drawnoif to any suitable receiver through a line 31 provided with valve 32in which case valve 16 will be closed. Or even where a differential pressure is used and it is desirable to return the reiiux condensate directly to the heating coil 5, a pump 33 may be interposed in the line 16, in which case bypass lines 34 and 35, having valves 36 and 37, may be used, and in such case, valve 38 is interposed in the manner shown in the drawing. The arrangement is such that the pump may or may not be used, but if the dephlegmator is maintained at a lower pressure than the heating coil, then the reflux condensate must be pumped back to the heating coil or else conveyed to a separate receptacle.

We -claim as our invention:

An apparatus of the character described, comprising a furnace, a coil therein, means for feeding oil to the coil, an expansion chamber disposed exteriorly of the furnace and in communication with the coil, a horizontal- 1y disposed dephlegmator communicating with said expansion chamber,` a vapor discharge from the dephlegmator, and means for returning reflux condensateA from said dephlegmator to the heating coil, said dephlegrnator having an inclined Wall and provided With a plurality of bailies, the reflux discharge being near one end of the dephlegmator.

GUSTAV EGLOFF.

HARRY P. BEN NER. 

